Communicable Diseases
Pathogen |
- Bacteria, Virus, Parasites, Fungi
- Transmissibility, Pathogenicity, Virulence
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Transmission |
- Direct vs indirect contacts
- Through: droplets, inhalation, ingestion, blood / body fluid
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Lifestyle changes |
- Increased international trades and travel due to globalization
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Immune System
Non-Specific defence
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First line – physical barriers such as intact skin and hair in nasal passage; chemical barriers such as tears and saliva
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Second line - inflammatory response (affected area red, swollen, and warm)
Specific defence
Vaccination
Non- Communicable Diseases
Examples |
- Diseases - Cancer, cardio-vascular diseases, heart diseases, diabetes mellitus
- Related health problems - strokes, obesity and hypertension
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Lifestyle |
- Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy dietary practice, smoking, alcohol consumption
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Disease Prevention
Levels |
Primary |
- Aim:avoiding the development of a disease or injury
- Examples:health education and vaccinations
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Secondary |
- Aim:early detection of diseases, thereby increasing opportunities for intervention to prevent the progression of the disease
- Examples:health check-ups (such as pre-marital check-up, antenatal check-up)and disease screening (such as colorectal cancer screening)
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Tertiary |
- Aim:proper rehabilitation of patients with an established disease to minimize residual disabilities and complications
- Examples:rehabilitation service
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Government strategies |
Policy making |
- Example: tobacco control policy, food labelling and safety
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Diseases prevention and surveillance |
- Centre for Health Protection - keeps the community abreast of health risks through the issue of alerts and tracks changes in the risk profile and health determinants of the population
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Control of the disease spreading |
- Real time surveillance
- Rapid intervention
- Responsive risk communication
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Public health promotion |
- Territory-wide health promotion programmes such as "healthy eating", "active living"
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Resources management |
- Mobilising resources and providing support for non-governmental organisations in health promotion and disease prevention
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Latest Update: October 2019
Power-point
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See all e-Learning resources
Booklet
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Centre for Health Protection
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World Health Organization
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Government’s Preparedness and Response Plan for Novel Infectious Disease of Public Health
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COVID-19 Thematic Website
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Tasks & Worksheets (Coming Soon)
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What are the relationships between lifesyles and communicable and non-communicable diseases? |
What is disease prevention? |
How could disasese prevention be implemented at individual, society and global levels? |
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schoology | |
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Sway | |
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